biologia plantarum

International journal on Plant Life established by Bohumil Němec in 1959

Biologia plantarum 53:21-27, 2009 | DOI: 10.1007/s10535-009-0004-4

Leaf anatomy during leaf development of photoautotrophically in vitro-grown tobacco plants as affected by growth irradiance

B. Radochová1, I. Tichá2,*
1 Department of Biomathematics, Institute of Physiology, Academy of Sciences of the Czech Republic, Prague, Czech Republic
2 Department of Plant Physiology, Faculty of Science, Charles University in Prague, Prague, Czech Republic

Tobacco (Nicotiana tabacum L.) plants were cultured in vitro photoautotrophically at three levels of irradiance (PAR 400-700 nm): low (LI, 60 µmol m-2 s-1), middle (MI, 180 µmol m-2 s-1) and high (HI, 270 µmol m-2 s-1). Anatomy of the fourth leaf from bottom was followed during leaf development. In HI and MI plants, leaf area expansion started earlier as compared to LI plants, and both HI and MI plants developed some adaptations of sun species: leaves were thicker with higher proportion of palisade parenchyma to spongy parenchyma tissue. Furthermore, in HI and MI plants palisade and spongy parenchyma cells were larger and relative abundance of chloroplasts in parenchyma cells measured as chloroplasts cross-sectional area in the cell was lower than in LI plants. During leaf growth, chloroplasts crosssectional area in both palisade and spongy parenchyma cells in all treatments considerably decreased and finally it occupied only about 5 to 8 % of the cell cross-sectional area. Thus, leaf anatomy of photoautotrophically in vitro cultured plants showed a similar response to growth irradiance as in vivo grown plants, however, the formation of chloroplasts and therefore of photosynthetic apparatus was strongly impaired.

Keywords: chloroplast; epidermis; growth irradiance; leaf thickness; leaf ontogeny; palisade parenchyma; spongy parenchyma
Subjects: chloroplast; leaf epidermis; leaf growth; leaf intracellulars; leaf ontogeny; leaf parenchyma; Nicotiana tabacum; photon flux density; tobacco

Received: July 12, 2006; Accepted: September 11, 2008; Published: March 1, 2009  Show citation

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Radochová, B., & Tichá, I. (2009). Leaf anatomy during leaf development of photoautotrophically in vitro-grown tobacco plants as affected by growth irradiance. Biologia plantarum, 53(1), 21-27. doi: 10.1007/s10535-009-0004-4
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