biologia plantarum

International journal on Plant Life established by Bohumil Němec in 1959

Biologia plantarum 53:369-372, 2009 | DOI: 10.1007/s10535-009-0069-0

Cd-induced system of defence in the garlic root meristematic cells

W. S. Jiang1, D. H. Liu2,*, P. Xu2
1 Library, Tianjin Normal University, Tianjin, P.R. China
2 Department of Biology, College of Chemistry and Life Sciences, Tianjin Normal University, Tianjin, P.R. China

Studies on cadmium effects in the root meristematic cells of Allium sativum L. were carried out using electron microscopy in order to explain the possible mechanisms of garlic seedlings' tolerance to Cd stress. Seedlings were treated with 0.01, 0.10 and 1.00 mM CdCl2 solutions for 0.5, 1, 2, 4, 8, 10, 12, 24 and 48 h, respectively. The results indicated that cell walls, plasma membrane and main organelles actively participated in Cd detoxification and tolerance at low Cd concentrations. Once excessive Cd ions entered the cytosol, a defence mechanism becomes activated, protecting the cells against cadmium toxicity. However, under high Cd content in cells, the cell structure was damaged, even leading to cells death.

Keywords: Allium sativum L.; dictyosomes; endoplasmic reticulum; mitochondria; nucleus; ultrastructure; vesicles
Subjects: Allium sativum; cadmium; garlic; heavy metals; plasma membrane; root meristem; root ultrastructure; transmission electrom microscopy; ultrastructure

Received: May 9, 2008; Accepted: April 15, 2009; Published: June 1, 2009  Show citation

ACS AIP APA ASA Harvard Chicago Chicago Notes IEEE ISO690 MLA NLM Turabian Vancouver
Jiang, W.S., Liu, D.H., & Xu, P. (2009). Cd-induced system of defence in the garlic root meristematic cells. Biologia plantarum, 53(2), 369-372. doi: 10.1007/s10535-009-0069-0
Share...
Download citation
  • BibTeX (.bib)
  • Bookends (.ris)
  • EasyBib (.ris)
  • EndNote (.enw)
  • EndNote 8 (.xml)
  • ISI WoS (.isi)
  • Medlars (.medlars)
  • Mendeley (.ris)
  • MODS (.xml)
  • Papers (.ris)
  • RefWorks (.txt)
  • RefManager (.ris)
  • RIS (.ris)
  • MS Word (.xml)
  • Zotero (.ris)
    • Open full article

    References

    1. Clemens, S.: Toxic metal accumulation, responses to exposure and mechanisms of tolerance in plants.-Biochimie 88: 1707-1719, 2006. Go to original source...
    2. Hall, J.L.: Cellular mechanisms for heavy metal detoxification and tolerance.-J. exp. Bot. 53: 1-11, 2002. Go to original source...
    3. Leita, L., De Nobili, M., Cesco, S., Mondini, C.: Analysis of intercellular cadmium forms in roots and leaves of bush bean.-J. Plant Nutr. 19: 527-533, 1996. Go to original source...
    4. Liu, D., Jiang, W., Gao, X.: Effects of cadmium on root growth, cell division and nucleoli in root tip cells of garlic.-Biol. Plant. 47: 79-83, 2003. Go to original source...
    5. Liu, D.H, Kottke, I.: Subcellular localization of Cd in the root cells of Allium sativum by electron energy loss spectroscopy.-J. Biosci. 28: 471-478, 2003. Go to original source...
    6. Liu, D.H., Jiang, W.S., Li, M.X.: Effects of Cd2+ on root growth and cell division of Allium cepa.-Acta Sci. Circumstantiae 12: 439-446, 1992.
    7. Liu, D.H., Kottke, I.: Subcellular localization of cadmium in the root cells of Allium cepa by electron energy loss spectroscopy and cytochemistry.-J. Biosci. 29: 329-335, 2004. Go to original source...
    8. Liu, D.H., Kottke, I., Adam, D.: Localization of cadmium in the root cells of Allium ecpa by energy dispersive X-ray analysis.-Biol. Plant. 51: 363-366, 2007. Go to original source...
    9. Pinot, F., Kreps, S.E., Bachelet, M., Hainaut, P., Bakonyi, M., Polla, B.S.: Cadmium in the environment: sources, mechanisms of biotoxicity, and biomarkers.-Rev. Environ. Health 15: 299-323, 2000. Go to original source...
    10. Quartacci, M.F., Cosi, E., Navari-Izzo, F.: Lipids and NADPH-dependent superoxide production in plasma membrane vesicles from roots of wheat grown under copper deficiency or excess.-J. exp. Bot. 52: 77-84, 2001. Go to original source...
    11. Sanità di Toppi, L., Musetti, R., Vattuone, Z., Pawlik-Skowrońska, B., Fossati, F., Bertoli, L., Badiani, M., Favali, M.A.: Cadmium distribution and effects on ultrastructure and chlorophyll status in photobionts and mycobionts of Xanthoria parietina.-Microscopy Res. Techn. 66: 229-238, 2005a. Go to original source...
    12. Sanità di Toppi, L., Marabottini, R., Vattuone, Z., Musetti, R., Favali, M.A., Sorgonà, A., Badiani, M.: Cell wall immobilisation and antioxidant status of Xanthoria parietina thalli exposed to cadmium.-Funct. Plant Biol. 32: 611-618, 2005b. Go to original source...
    13. Sanità di Toppi, L., Pawlik-Skowrońska, B., Vurro, E., Vattuone, Z., Kalinowska, R., Restivo, F.M., Musetti R., Skowroński, T.: First and second line mechanisms of cadmium detoxification in the lichen photobiont Trebouxia impressa (Chlorophyta).-Environ. Pollut. 151: 280-286, 2007. Go to original source...
    14. Saxena, P.K., Krishna Raj, S., Dan, T, Perras, M.R., Vettakkorumakankav, N.N.: Phytoremediation of heavy metal contaminated and polluted soils.-In: Prasad, M.N.V., Hagemeyer, J. (ed.): Heavy Metal Stress in Plants. Pp. 305-329. Springer-Verlag, Berlin-Heidelberg 1999. Go to original source...
    15. Shamsi, I.H., Wei, K., Zhang, G.P., Jilani, G.H., Hassan, M.J.: Interactive effects of cadmium and aluminum on growth and antioxidant enzyme activities in soybean.-Biol. Plant. 52:165-169, 2008. Go to original source...
    16. Tukaj, Z., Baścik-Remisiewicz, A., Skowroński, T., Tukaj, C.: Cadmium effect on the growth, photosynthesis, ultrastructure and phytochelatin content of green microalga Scenedesmus armatus: A study at low and elevated CO2 concentration.-Environ. exp. Bot. 60: 291-299, 2007. Go to original source...
    17. Verma, S., Dubey, R.S.: Effect of cadmium on soluble sugars and enzymes of their metabolism in rice.-Biol. Plant. 44: 117-123, 2001. Go to original source...
    18. Wierzbicka, M.H., Przedpelska, E., Ruzik, R., Ouerdane, L., Poleć-Pawlak, K., Jarosz, M., Szpunar, J., Szakiel, A.: Comparison of the toxicity and distribution of cadmium and lead in plant cells.-Protoplasma 231: 99-111, 2007. Go to original source...
    19. Yu, H., Wang, J.L., Fang, W., Yuan, J.G., Yang, Z.Y.: Cadmium accumulation in different rice cultivars and screening for pollution-safe cultivars of rice.-Sci. total Environ. 370: 302-309, 2006. Go to original source...
    20. Zenk, M.H.: Heavy metal detoxification in higher plants - a review.-Gene 179: 21-30, 1996. Go to original source...

    Return to the content