biologia plantarum

International journal on Plant Life established by Bohumil Němec in 1959

Biologia plantarum 55:596-600, 2011 | DOI: 10.1007/s10535-011-0133-4

Gametes with somatic chromosome number and their significance in interspecific hybridization in Fuchsia

R. S. Talluri1,*
1 School of Biological Sciences, The University of Auckland, Auckland, New Zealand

Sexual polyploidization has both a theoretical as well as an applied significance. Morphological screening for large pollen grains and shape of pollen produced by the individual, cytological investigation of hybrid progeny, and unbalanced separation of chromosomes at anaphase I in pollen mother cells were used to detect the gametes with somatic chromosome number in Fuchsia. The interspecific hybrids of F. fulgens (sect. Ellobium) × F. magellanica (sect. Quelusia), F. fulgens (sect. Ellobium) × F. splendens (sect. Ellobium), and F. triphylla (sect. Fuchsia) × F. splendens (sect. Ellobium) produced at the University of Auckland, New Zealand, showed both large and normal pollen grains in the same anther indicating the presence of unreduced gametes. Cytological investigation carried out on the hybrid progeny of F. fulgens (diploid, 2n=22, sect. Ellobium) × F. magellanica (tetraploid, 2n=44, sect. Quelusia) and F. triphylla (diploid, sect. Fuchsia) × F. arborescens (diploid, sect. Schufia) revealed unexpected chromosome numbers of 2n=44 and 2n=33, respectively. In general, the hybrids showed low fertility caused by genetically unbalanced gametes resulted from random disjunction of chromosomes at anaphase I. Studies on meiosis together with the presence of different shapes and sizes of pollen grains in Fuchsia proved indirectly that unreduced gametes are the products of first division meiotic nuclear restitution. These unreduced gametes were viable irrespective of pollen shape, their predominance in the hybrids, nuclear DNA amount and species phylogenetic position.

Keywords: diploids; 2n gametes; meiotic nuclear restitution; polyploids

Received: February 5, 2010; Accepted: May 25, 2010; Published: September 1, 2011  Show citation

ACS AIP APA ASA Harvard Chicago Chicago Notes IEEE ISO690 MLA NLM Turabian Vancouver
Talluri, R.S. (2011). Gametes with somatic chromosome number and their significance in interspecific hybridization in Fuchsia. Biologia plantarum, 55(3), 596-600. doi: 10.1007/s10535-011-0133-4
Share...
Download citation
  • BibTeX (.bib)
  • Bookends (.ris)
  • EasyBib (.ris)
  • EndNote (.enw)
  • EndNote 8 (.xml)
  • ISI WoS (.isi)
  • Medlars (.medlars)
  • Mendeley (.ris)
  • MODS (.xml)
  • Papers (.ris)
  • RefWorks (.txt)
  • RefManager (.ris)
  • RIS (.ris)
  • MS Word (.xml)
  • Zotero (.ris)
    • Open full article

    References

    1. Ashby, M.S.: An investigation of natural and artificial interspecific hybridization in the genus Fuchsia L. - M.Sc Thesis, The University of Auckland, Aucland 2001.
    2. Beer, R.: The supernumerary pollen grains of Fuchsia. - Ann. Bot. 21: 305-307, 1907. Go to original source...
    3. Berry, P.E., Hahn, W.J., Sytsma, K.J., Hall, J.C., Mast, A.: Phylogenetic relationships and biogeography of Fuchsia (Onagraceae) based on non-coding nuclear and chloroplast DNA data. - Amer. J. Bot. 91: 601-614, 2004. Go to original source...
    4. Breedlove, D.E.: The systematics of Fuchsia sect. Encliandra (Onagraceae). - Univ. Calif. Publ. Bot. 53: 1-69, 1969.
    5. Bretagnolle, F., Thompson, J.D.: Gametes with somatic chromosome number: mechanisms of their formation and role in the evolution of autopolyploid plants. - New Phytol. 129: 1-22, 1995. Go to original source...
    6. Bringhurst, R.S., Gill, T.: Origin of Frageria polyploids. II. Unreduced and double unreduced gametes. - Amer. J. Bot. 57: 969-979, 1970. Go to original source...
    7. Bringhurst, R.S., Senanayake, Y.D.A.: The evolutionary significance of natural Fragaria chiloensis × F. vesca hybrids resulting from unreduced gametes. - Amer. J. Bot. 53: 1000-1006, 1966. Go to original source...
    8. Brown, C.A.: Pollen morphology of the Onagraceae. - Rev. Palaeobot. Palynol. 3: 163-180, 1967. Go to original source...
    9. Burton, T.L., Husband, B.C.: Fitness differences among diploids, triploids, and their triploid progeny in Chamerion angustifolium: mechanisms of inviability and implications for polyploidy evolution. - Evolution 54: 1182-1191, 2000. Go to original source...
    10. Crespel, L., Ricci, S. C., Gudin, S.: The production of 2n pollen in rose. - Euphytica 151: 155-164, 2006. Go to original source...
    11. Darlington, C.D.: Recent Advances in Cytology. - Blakiston's, Philadelphia 1937.
    12. Evert, R.F., Eichhorn, S.E., Raven, P.H.: Laboratory Topics in Botany. - Worth Publishers, New York 1992.
    13. Grant, V.: Cytogenetics of the hybrid Gilia millefoliata ×achilleaefolia 1. Variations in meiosis and polyploidy rate as affected by nutritional and genetic conditions. - Chromosoma 5: 372-390, 1952. Go to original source...
    14. Hermsen, J.G.T.: Nature, evolution, and breeding of polyploids. - Iowa State J. Res. 58: 411-420, 1984.
    15. Heslop-Harrison, J., Heslop-Harrison, Y.: Estimation of pollen viability by enzymatically induced fluorescence: intracellular hydrolysis of fluorescein diacetate. - Stain Technol. 45: 115-120, 1970. Go to original source...
    16. Husband, B.C.: The role of triploid hybrids in the evolutionary dynamics of mixed-ploidy populations. - Biol. J. Linn. Soc. 82: 537-546, 2004. Go to original source...
    17. Husband, B.C., Schemske, D.W.: Ecological mechanisms of reproductive isolation between diploid and tetraploid Chamerion angustifolium. - J. Ecol. 88: 689-701, 2000. Go to original source...
    18. Jackson, R.C.: Chromosome evolution in Haplopappus gracilis: a centric transposition. - Evolution 27: 243-245, 1973. Go to original source...
    19. Jansen, R.C., Den Nijs, A.P.M.: A statistical mixture model for estimating the proportion of unreduced pollen grains in perennial ryegrass (Lolium perenne L.) via the size of pollen grains. - Euphytica 70: 205-215, 1993. Go to original source...
    20. Lawrence, G.H.M.: Taxonomy of Vascular Plants. - MacMillian Company, New York 1966.
    21. McCoy, T.J.: The inheritance of 2n pollen formation in diploid alfalfa, Medicago sativa. - Can. J. Genet. Cytol. 24: 315-323, 1982. Go to original source...
    22. Mosquin, T.: A new taxonomy for Epilobium angustifolium L. (Onagraceae). - Brittonia 18: 167-188, 1966. Go to original source...
    23. Nowicke, J.W., Skvarla, J.J., Raven, P.H., Berry, P.E.: A palynological study of the genus Fuchsia (Onagraceae). - Ann. Mo. Bot. Garden 71: 35-91, 1984. Go to original source...
    24. Parrott, W.A., Smith, R.R.: Production of 2n pollen in red clover. - Crop. Sci. 24: 469-472, 1984. Go to original source...
    25. Ramanna, M.S.: First division restitution gametes through fertile desynaptic mutants of potato. - Euphytica 32: 337-350, 1983. Go to original source...
    26. Ramsey, J., Schemske, D.W.: Pathways, mechanisms, and rates of polyploid formation in flowering plants. - Annu. Rev. Ecol. Syst. 29: 467-501, 1998. Go to original source...
    27. Taskin, K.M., Turgut, K., Scott, R. J.: Apomeiotic pollen mother cell development in the apomictic Boechera species. - Biol. Plant. 53: 468-474, 2009. Go to original source...
    28. Talluri, R.S., Murray, B.G.: DNA C-values and chromosome numbers in Fuchsia L. (Onagraceae) species and artificial hybrids. - New Zeal. J. Bot. 47: 33-37, 2009. Go to original source...
    29. Van Tuyl, J.M., De Jeu, M.J.: Methods for overcoming interspecific crossing barriers. - In: Sawhney, V.K., Shivanna, K.R. (ed.): Pollen Biotechnology for Crop Production and Improvement. Pp. 273-292. Cambridge University Press, Cambridge 1997. Go to original source...
    30. Wilson, R.F.: Horticultural colour chart. - British Colour Council in collaboration with the Royal Horticultural Society, London 1942.
    31. Winge, O.: The chromosomes, their numbers and general importance. - Compt. Rend. Trav. Lab. Carlsberg 13: 131-275, 1917.

    Return to the content