biologia plantarum

International journal on Plant Life established by Bohumil Němec in 1959

Biologia plantarum 60:603-618, 2016 | DOI: 10.1007/s10535-016-0648-9

Some key physiological and molecular processes of cold acclimation

R. John1, N. A. Anjum2, S. K. Sopory3, N. A. Akram4,*, M. Ashraf5
1 Department of Botany, University of Kashmir, Hazratbal, Srinagar, India
2 CESAM and Department of Chemistry, University of Aveiro, Aveiro, Portugal
3 Jawaharlal Nehru University, New Delhi, India
4 Department of Botany, GC University, Faisalabad, Pakistan
5 Department of Botany & Microbiology, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia

Agricultural production worldwide has been severely impacted by cold and freezing stresses. Plant capacity to acclimate to environmental conditions in their immediate vicinity largely control their survival, growth, and productivity. Molecular as well as biochemical mechanisms underpinning plant cold acclimation are very complex and interwoven. The cold-impacted plants try to modulate expression of variety genes controlling cell membrane lipid composition, mitogen-activated protein kinase cascade, total soluble proteins, polyamines, glycinebetaine, proline, reactive oxygen species (ROS) scavengers, cryoprotectants, and a large number of cold responsive factors. To this end, this paper dissects the array of transcriptional factors/genes down- or up-regulated, their identification in different plant species, recognition of cold tolerant/resistant transgenic plants, complexity of the mitogen-activated protein kinase cascade, as well as their cross talk under different stresses and molecular mechanisms. Furthermore, it also comprehensively elucidates physio-biochemical interferences in cold acclimation with a particular emphasis on endogenous content as well as exogenously supplied different types of polyamines, ROS, and osmoprotectants. Overall, low temperature stress tolerance or cold acclimation varies greatly among species depending on the stress intensity and duration and type of plant species.

Keywords: cryoprotectants; gene expression; glycinebetaine; MAPK; membrane lipids; polyamines; proline; ROS; transcription factors; transgenic plants
Subjects: temperature - low; cold acclimation; saccharides; polyamines; glycine betaine; proline; reactive oxygen species; cold responsive gene; cell membrane stability; gene expression; transcription factors

Received: December 8, 2015; Revised: February 3, 2016; Accepted: March 8, 2016; Published: December 1, 2016  Show citation

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John, R., Anjum, N.A., Sopory, S.K., Akram, N.A., & Ashraf, M. (2016). Some key physiological and molecular processes of cold acclimation. Biologia plantarum, 60(4), 603-618. doi: 10.1007/s10535-016-0648-9
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