biologia plantarum

International journal on Plant Life established by Bohumil Nìmec in 1959

Biologia plantarum 65:39-46, 2021 | DOI: 10.32615/bp.2020.124

Growth response of Oryza sativa seedlings to graphene oxide and its variability among genotypes

Y. HE1, H.M. WEI1, S.J. LIU1, Y.C. XU1, Z.Y. ZHU1, 2, H. YAN1, J.X. LI1, 2, *, Z.H. TIAN1, 2, *
1 College of Life Science, Yangtze University, Jingzhou 434025, P.R. China
2 South China Botanical Garden, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou 510650, P.R. China

With the extensive utilization of graphene nanomaterials, they inevitably enter our environment. The potential phytotoxicity and environmental impact of graphene oxide (GO) have recently attracted much attention. We designed the experiment based on seed germination, seedling morphology, physio-biochemical properties, and antioxidant enzyme activities of five rice genotypes (9311, MH63, R527, K866, and Nipponbare) under six concentrations of GO (0, 5, 10, 50, 100, and 150 mg dm-3). We studied the effects of different concentrations of GO on germination index (GI), shoot length (SL) and root length (RL), adventitious root number, shoot and root fresh masses, root/shoot ratio, chlorophyll (Chl) content, malondialdehyde content, and activities of superoxide dismutase (SOD), catalase (CAT), and peroxidase (POD). Graphene oxide treatments significantly enhanced seed germination and root growth and inhibited shoot growth of all genotypes. Furthermore, we found a significant genotype-dependent response to GO treatments. According to the relative increment trend of GI, SL, and RL, root/shoot ratio, antioxidant enzyme activities (CAT, POD, and SOD), and Chl content, 'R527' showed more tolerance to GO treatments than the other four genotypes. The 'MH63' and 'K866' were more sensitive than 'Nipponbare' and '9311'. It indicates that the GO-tolerant genotype might avoid free radicals damage from GO by increased antioxidant enzyme activities. Moreover, we should consider the genotype differences when evaluating the potential phytotoxicity of GO and environmental risk to ecosystems.

Keywords: antioxidant enzymes activities, chlorophyll content, malondialdehyde, seedling morphology, graphene oxide, Oryza sativa.

Received: April 8, 2020; Revised: July 31, 2020; Accepted: August 24, 2020; Published online: March 18, 2021  Show citation

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HE, Y., WEI, H.M., LIU, S.J., XU, Y.C., ZHU, Z.Y., YAN, H., LI, J.X., & TIAN, Z.H. (2021). Growth response of Oryza sativa seedlings to graphene oxide and its variability among genotypes. Biologia plantarum, 65, Article 39-46. https://doi.org/10.32615/bp.2020.124
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