biologia plantarum

Biologia plantarum 66:255-271, 2022 | DOI: 10.32615/bp.2022.035

Transcriptomic and proteomic profile approaches toward drought and salinity stresses

K. JAMSHIDI GOHARRIZI^{1, 2, *}, S. KARAMI^{3, *}, M.R. HAMBLIN⁴, M.M. MOMENI², T. BASAKI³, M. MOSTAFAEI DEHNAVI⁵, M. NAZARI⁶

¹ Department of Plant Pathology, University of California, Davis, 95616 CA, USA

² Department of Plant Breeding, Yazd Branch, Islamic Azad University, Yazd, 8915813135, Iran

³ Department of Agriculture, Payame Noor University, Tehran 19395-4697, Iran

⁴ Laser Research Centre, Faculty of Health Science, University of Johannesburg, Doornfontein, 2028, South Africa

⁵ Department of Plant Sciences, University of California, Davis, CA 95616, USA

⁶ Department of Agronomy and Plant Breeding, Faculty of Agriculture, Bu-Ali Sina University, Hamedan, 65178-38695, Iran

Drought and salinity, which can alter the water balance, disrupt the ionic equilibrium, and create reactive oxygen species (ROS), are capable of destroying plant tissues. In this study, transcriptomics, proteomics, and metabolomics have been used to elucidate various abiotic stress responses. In transcriptional signaling pathways, abscisic acid (ABA) is one of the plant phytohormones that regulate the stress response. On the other hand, several regulons and factors of transcription contributed in the reaction to osmotic stresses, as well as in ABA-dependent/independent signaling pathways. However, the findings display that intricate molecular reaction of plants under stress conditions may be controlled by complicated regulative networks of gene expression and signal transduction, as well as by the interaction between them. From the point of view of proteomics, protein modifications in response to stress can be considered as a molecular tool to improve the resistance of plants to environmental stresses. These studies have provided new information about the significance of several gene and protein networks involved in the response of plants to salinity and drought, and the induction of tolerance. Moreover, identifying the crucial pathways which are involved in salinity and drought resistance can open doors for the establishment of commercial-resistant crop cultivars, and might be very useful in the next-generation crop breeding strategies to produce plants with salinity and drought-resistant traits.

Keywords: drought, salinity, proteomics, transcriptomics.

Received: March 29, 2022; Revised: September 1, 2022; Accepted: September 13, 2022; Published online: November 2, 2022  Show citation