biologia plantarum

International journal on Plant Life established by Bohumil Němec in 1959

Biologia plantarum 67:334-342, 2023 | DOI: 10.32615/bp.2023.039

Comparative analysis of the complete chloroplast genome of two endangered Dendrobium species

F.X. Yan1, 2, Y.J. Chen3, L.H. Wang1, 2, F. Tian1, 2, Z.Q. Luo1, 2, *
1 Guizhou Academy of Forestry, Nanming District, Guiyang 550005, Gui-zhou, P.R. China
2 Key Laboratory for Biodiversity Conservation in Karst Mountain Area of Southwestern China, National Foresty and Grassland Administration, Guiyang 550005, P.R. China
3 Guizhou Provincial Forestry Science and Technology Extension Station, Yunyan District, Guiyang 550005, Guizhou, P.R. China

Dendrobium williamsonii and Dendrobium cariniferum (Orchidaceae) are endangered perennial herbs, and they are very similar in morphology. Chloroplast genome sequencing technology provides a powerful tool for molecular analysis to get more infomation for phylogenetic analysis and identification of Dendrobium species. In this study, the complete chloroplast genomes of Dendrobium williamsonii and Dendrobium cariniferum were assembled and characterized using Illumina NovaSeq 6000. The genome sizes are 159 695 and 159 479 bp, including pairs of inverted repeats (27 055 and 27 024 bp) each separated by small single-copy regions (18 451 and 18 488 bp) and large single-copy regions (87 134 and 86 943 bp). The chloroplast genome overall GC content was 37.11% and 37.13%, respectively. Each chloroplast genome encoded the same number (147) of genes, including 88 protein-coding genes, 51 tRNA genes, and 8 rRNA genes. Comparative analysis of chloroplast genomes revealed the high degree of divergence included accD-psaL and ycf4 -cemA. The phylogenetic tree showed the two Dendrobium species formed only one small clade. A pair of primers that could effectively identify the two Dendrobium species were also screened. This study will provide theoretical basis for species identification, genetic breeding, and evolution of Dendrobium.

Keywords: chloroplast genome, Dendrobium, genetic relationship, sequence divergence, species identification.

Received: March 3, 2023; Revised: November 4, 2023; Accepted: November 23, 2023; Published online: January 12, 2024  Show citation

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Yan, F.X., Chen, Y.J., Wang, L.H., Tian, F., & Luo, Z.Q. (2023). Comparative analysis of the complete chloroplast genome of two endangered Dendrobium species. Biologia plantarum, 67, Article 334-342. https://doi.org/10.32615/bp.2023.039
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