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Variental differences on replacing vernalization by a short day in winter wheatJan KrekuleBiologia plantarum 6:299, 1964 | DOI: 10.1007/BF02931013 A study was made of the effect of substituting a short day for vernalization as a varietal characteristic of winter wheat. Varieties representing certain ecotypes were vernalized for different lengths of time and it was studied how a short day can replace or accelerate vernalization. At the same time data were obtained on the effect of a short day on individual criteria of growth. The results showed that there are ecotypes in which a short day does not replace vernalization (the varieties San Pastora and other Italian varietis). In this case growth inhibition did not occur either. Otherwise it usually accompanies the substituting affect of a short day. This finding permits the interpretation of varietal differences observed in association with short day growth inhibition and changes in carbohydrate metabolism conditioned by it. Growth inhibition produced by a short day is a general reaction which is not only associated with vernalization. The author found varieties (Chlumecká 12) in which growth was inhibited by short day without accelerated development occuring (alternative types). |
Analysis of the ash of the seeds ofAesculus hippocastanum and someAceresMilada RottováBiologia plantarum 6:35-41, 1964 | DOI: 10.1007/BF02930794 The seeds contain such a high percentage of phosphoric acid that it interferes with the obtaining of correct results in analysis. Its prior removal from the solution of ash is therefore necessary. A new method is suggested for the entire analysis which is a combination of percolation through an ionexchanger column and colorimetric and gravimetric determination. |
Course of growth and development of Spring BarleyP. Strebeyko, B. GóraBiologia plantarum 6:152, 1964 | DOI: 10.1007/BF02926670 The barley variety "Browarny P.Z.H.R." was grown in pots. Experiments on the course of development were conducted for two years. The increase in the dry weight of roots, leaves, stems and grain was recorded. The assimilation area of the plants was measured periodically and the rate of respiration in detached leaves was determined. Photographic records were kept of growing point and ear development. The dynamics of growth and development were studied during the whole vegetation period. The present results are similar to those previously obtained for spring wheat. The short period of leaf activity is the chief factor limiting barley growth. |
Eine kombination von Humusstoffen mit mineral-nährstoffen und substanzen mit fungiziden eigenschaften zum bespritzen der pflanzenZdenìk SladkýBiologia plantarum 6:252, 1964 | DOI: 10.1007/BF02931006 In der Arbeit wird eine Möglichkeit der Kombination von Humusstoffen mit mineralischen Nährstoffen und Substanzen mit fungiziden Eigenschaften beim Bespritzen von Pflanzen geprüft. Es wurde die fungizide Wirkung der Präparate Heryl, Novozir N, Sulka und Kuprikol, die mit Humusstoffen kombiniert worden sind, an Sclerotinia fructicola (WINT.) REHM., Alternaria brassicae (BERK.) SACC. und Erysiphe graminis var. tritici MARCHAL getestet. Es zeigte sich, dass Humusstoffe die Wirksamkeit der benutzten fungiziden Stoffe nicht herabsetzen. Beim Testen der Wirksamkeit von Novozir N von 0.5 bis 0.03% ist festgestellt worden, dass eine Zugabe von Humusstoffen die fungizide Wirkung des Präparates bis um 12% erhöht. |
Über die Wirkung einiger Phenoxyessigsäurenderivate auf das WachstumOlga Makovcová, Pavel VaculíkBiologia plantarum 6:1, 1964 | DOI: 10.1007/BF02930789 Zwanzig neu synthetisierte Derivate der Phenoxyessigsäure VII-XXVI, die in der vorgehenden Arbeit (Makovcová, Vaculík 1963) bereits beschrieben worden sind, wurden mittels empfindlicherer Teste bei einer Konzentration von 10-10 nochmals überprüft. Es wurde der Kressenwurzeltest und derTurfitt-Test mitSacharomyces cerevisiae benützt. Im Vergleich zur Wirkung von neun bekannten Wuchsstoffen Ia-VI unterschiedlicher Wirkungsweise zeigten die geprüften Substanzen weder eine Wirkung auf das Längenwachstum, noch auf die Zellteilung. Bei diesen Untersuchungen zeigte sich, dass die chemische Struktur selbst nicht immer massgebend für die Wirkungsweise ist. Bei den Substanzen, die von uns geprüft wurden, zeigte sich die Art und Zahl der Substituenten im aromatischen Kern für sehr wichtig. Die Resultate dieser Arbeit beweisen, dass der sonst sehr empfindlicheTurfitt-Test eine unge-eignete Methode zur Ermittlung der Wirkung von Wuchsstoffen des Typus 3-Indolylessigsäure (IIa) ist. |
Über die Veränderung des Geschlechtsverhältnisses der Nachkommenschaft im Zusammenhang mit dem Alter der Blüten beiMelandrium albumAlena ProkopováBiologia plantarum 6:99-103, 1964 | DOI: 10.1007/BF02926663 Im Rahmen des Versuches wurde der Einfluss des Alters der männlichen und weiblichen (maximal fünf Tage alten) Blüten auf das Geschlechtsverhältnis der Nachkommensehaft beiMelandrium album Garcke untersucht. |
Effect of ultraviolet light on stomatal movementFerdinand HerèíkBiologia plantarum 6:70-72, 1964 | DOI: 10.1007/BF02930800 |
Physiology of the cold-resistance of maize during Germination. the reaction of maize (Zea mays L.) to low temperature during germination and its cold-resistanceVladimír Sege»aBiologia plantarum 6:189, 1964 | DOI: 10.1007/BF02926677 Attempts to elucidate the physiological basis of cold-resistance during germination led to the investigation of the germination of seeds at low temperature, the effect of pathogenic and parasitic microorganisms being excluded. |
Über die Natur des Entgiftungseffekts der HumussäurenVladimír Tichý, Eva Mannsbartová, Jaeoslav MináøBiologia plantarum 6:306, 1964 | DOI: 10.1007/BF02931014 In der Arbeit ist der Entgiftungseffekt von Humussäuren und dessen näheres Studium beschrieben. Die Blätter von Wasserpest (Anacharis canadensis [MICHX.] PLANCH.) sterben in der aus gemeiner Quecke (ropyron repens [L.] P. BEAUV.) gewonnenen Agropyrenlösung nach einer Zeit ab, welche von der Konzentration dieses Giftes abhängig ist. Durch Zugabe von einigen Humusfraktionen wird diese Zeit je nach der Konzentration dieser Stoffe mehr oder weniger verlängert. Ein Versuch mit Fulvosäuren zeigte, dass die Schutzwirkung dieser Fraktion auch dann zur Geltung kommt, wenn die Wasserpestblätter vorläufig in ihrer Lösung adaptiert und erst dann der nachträglichen Wirkung der Agropyrenlösung unterworfen werden. Man kann also die Schutzwirkung der Fulvosäuren nicht bloss auf die chemische oder physikalisch-chemische ausserhalb der Zelle durchlaufende Herabsetzung der biologischen Aktivität Agropyrens zurückführen. Sie ist ausserdem auch durch eine von Fulvosäuren hervorgerufene Erhöhung der biologichen Resistenz der Zelle zu erklären. |
Professor Bohumil Nìmec NonagenarianRudolf DostálBiologia plantarum 5:1-14, 1963 | DOI: 10.1007/BF02933661 |
Differentially measuring infrared analyzer with an air-conditioned exposure chamber for photosynthetic rate measurementsBohdan Slavík, Jiøí ÈatskýBiologia plantarum 5:135-142, 1963 | DOI: 10.1007/BF02933645 A laboratory gasometric device for the determination of photosynthetic rate under controlled conditions, using differential measurement with an infrared analyzer which permits the reaching of high precision in the determination of the difference in CO2 content of the control lair and the impoverished air of the assimilated CO2, is described. The infrared analyzer, is used so that control air continually passes through one of its tubes and the investigated impoverished air through the other, thus the deviation of the recorder, which can easily be amplified, corresponds directly to the absolute value of impoverishment, i.e. in the case of a known flow-rate, to the photosynthetic rate. Possible fluctuations of the CO2 content in the control air are recorded by a second infrared analyzer which measures normally, i.e. absolutely. |
Diploidisierung und Polyploidisierung mixoploider WurzelspitzenBohumil NìmecBiologia plantarum 6:161, 1964 | DOI: 10.1007/BF02926672 Wenn sich polyploide Zellstrange oder Sektoren an der Peripherie der Wurzelspitze befinden, so können Initialen, durch deren Teilung sie entstanden sind, ihre weitere Teilung einstellen, und die polyploiden Zellenstränge werden durch Verschleimung der Zellmembran abgetrennt. Es ist ein Chorisevorgang, analog der Abschälung der lateralen Haubenschichten. Nur werden in mixoploiden Wurzelspitzen polyploide Zellstränge abgetrennt, die allerdinga auch vereinzelte diploide Zellstränge enthalten können. Der Vorgang kann zur Diploidisierung der Wurzelspitze wesentlich beitragen. Seltener kann eine Wurzelspitze, wenn sie eine starke Majorität von polyploiden Zellen - insbesondere im Plerom - enthält, die peripheren diploiden Initialen aus der weiteren Teilung ausscheiden, wodurch sie polyploid werden kann. Auch solche Chorisevorgänge beweisen, dass die polyploiden Zellen im Verbande von diploiden Zellen als fremde Elemente - wahrscheinlich stofflich - wirken können. |
Character of morphoses caused in the Barley (Hordeum distichum L.) spike by 2-Methyl-4-Chlorophenoxycetil acid (MCPA)Mária Luxová, Andrej LuxBiologia plantarum 6:258, 1964 | DOI: 10.1007/BF02931007 The preparation of MCPA had no formative effect on the shoot apex although it affected the development of lateral buds formed at the sides. As soon as the compound ceased to act the development of the spike continued normally. The formative effect of MCPA is displayed in the structure of the ear by a partial or complete reduction of its internodes. The inhibitory action of the preparation is sometimes reflected in a blockade of the formation of lateral shoots in a part of one or both orthostichs, or else the lateral bud is initiated but does not continue to develop and thus a branchless node is produced. Occasionally, on the contrary, the preparation has a stimulating effect; segments of the lateral stem of the first order are elongated and develop similarly to the main stem which brings about the so-called "branching" of the spike frequently imitating dichotomy. Rich branching occurs on stimulating several lateral stems. A frequently met morphosis is a locally disturbed distichy, and a decussation of orthostichs or their rotating by an angle of less than 90° and a disturbance in the normal course of mesotonic branching. The formation of apparent or true flower whorls formed in consequence to a reduction of the ear internodes or a disturbance of distichy is usually connected with the reduction of individual inflorescence parts, with an increase in the number of inflorescence parts, with their partial or complete cohesion and with a change of their position. |
Localization of acid phosphatase in the differentiating root meristemKarel Bene¹, Jana OpatrnáBiologia plantarum 6:8, 1964 | DOI: 10.1007/BF02930790 The localization of acid phosphatase was studied by Gomori's newer technique and by azo-coupling methods (α-naphthyl phosphate + fast red ITR or fast garnet GBC; AS or AS D phosphate + fast blue B or fast red violet LB) in the root tips ofVicia faba L. on paraffin sections (fixation with Wolman's acidified ethanol) and on frozen sections (fixation with Baker's calcium formol). Analogous results were obtained on the material treated in various ways and using different methods. In the broad bean, the reaction is most intense in the cap. In the meristematic zone, the primary core is more intensely stained than the ground parenchyma of the central cylinder. The phloem and xylem poles are usually strongly positive. Using both types of methods on Wolman fixed paraffin embedded material, essentially the same localization of acid phosphatase was found in the root tips ofRicinus communis L.,Lupinus luteus L.,Sinapis alba L.,Allium cepa L. as in the broad bean. InZea mays L. the rhizodermis and the hypodermic layers of the primary core were found to be most active. On sections of Wolman fixed paraffin embedded broad bean the most intense reaction was observed at pH 4.2-4.8. In the same material, both the azo-coupling and the Gomori reaction is inhibited by 10=2 M NaF, but 10-2 M tartaric acid only inhibits the Gomori reaction. |
The accentuators, pH and the principles of the effect in histological stainingBohumil Hluchovský, Vladimír SrbBiologia plantarum 6:104-107, 1964 | DOI: 10.1007/BF02926664 A study was made of the influence of accentuators (phenol, aniline) and pH on the stainability of vegetable tissue (roots ofAllium cepa L.) with light green and methylene blue with reference to the theory of the electrostatic basis of staining. - The results obtained on the whole confirmPischinger's theory of the electrostatic basis of staining for light green only, but with methylene blue the situation was found to be much more complicated. Only the alkalization of a watery solution of methylene blue increases its staining ability, whereas the accentuators markedly disturb staining. Prischinge's theory is thus not of general validity, but applies only to one factor of this complicated process. Electrostatic influences acting on staining ability are not so important as other factors in this complicated process in some dyes. |
Gibberellin and sympodial branching inTiliaRudolf DostálBiologia plantarum 6:236-237, 1964 | DOI: 10.1007/BF02926684 |
Heilungsvorgänge gequetschter WurzelspitzenBohumil NìmecBiologia plantarum 6:73-78, 1964 | DOI: 10.1007/BF02926659 Wurzelspitzen von Pisum sativum wurden zwischen zwei konvergenten Gläschen gequetscht und der weiteren Entwicklung überlassen. Sohon nach 48 Stunden waren alle um das Plerom herum entstandenen Risse durch kallos vergrösserte Perikambiumzellen dort, wo das Perikambium differenziert war, gefüllt. Soweit das Plerom in Verbindung mit der Initialzone verbunden blieb, wuchs es gleichmässig mit dem Periblem weiter. Wurde es jedoch von den Initialen abgerissen, so hörte es auf zu wachsen. Wenn die Spitze des Pleroms abgerissen wurde, differenzierte sie sich nicht weiter, sondern verblieb als schwach wucherndes Gewebehöckerehen ohne Differenzierung. Die grösste prospektive Potenz besitzt das Plerom, die geringste das Periblem. Sofern das Plerom mit der Initialzone in Verbindung bleibt, beginnt die Spitze am dritten oder vierten Tage normal weiter zu wachsen, wurde es jedoch beim Quetschen von den Initialen abgerissen, so entstehen an der Keimwurzel Seitenwurzeln. Zur völligen Isolierung lebender Zellen und ihre Mischung kommt es in den gequetschten Wurzelspitzen nicht. |
Über Struktur und Bildung der Zystolithen-KalloseGerhard LerchBiologia plantarum 6:48-56, 1964 | DOI: 10.1007/BF02930796 Vorkommen und Erscheinungsformen von Kallose wurden an den Zystolithen von 23 Ficus. und 16 weiteren Pflanzenarten aus den Familien der Moraceae, Acanthaceae, Combretaceae, Oleaceae und Urtieaceae untersucht. Zystolithen-Kallose wurde im wesentlichen nur bei der Gattung Ficus gefunden. |
Study of a papain activation factor present in the dialysable fraction of soyabean extractKrishna Bahadur, Indra SaxenaBiologia plantarum 6:165, 1964 | DOI: 10.1007/BF02926673 Soyabean extract contains an activator which passes through parchment paper. The increase in the activity of a mixture of urease and papain with increasing amount of papain in the mixture is due to the increase in the non-dialysable fraction of papain. |
Changes in the biological activity of agropyrene on combined application with humus substances in the cultivation ofScenedesmus obliquus (TURP.) krügerJaboslav Mináø, Eva Mannsbartová, Vladimír TichýBiologia plantarum 6:265, 1964 | DOI: 10.1007/BF02931008 The work is concerned with the question of the effect of humic acids on the biological action of agropyrene, the effective substance from the rootstock of Agropyron repens (L.) P. BEAUV. The test organism was the alga Scenedesmus obliquus (TURP.) KRÜGER, cultivated in |
Elektronenmikroskopische Untersuchungen über das Eindringen plasmatischer Partikel in die Vakuolen der pflanzlichen ZelleIvan Hr¹el, Jindra JurákováBiologia plantarum 6:17-21, 1964 | DOI: 10.1007/BF02930791 Bei der Untersuchung von Zellen des Keimsacks von Lilium und des Vegetations-punktes von Triticum wurden plasmatische Einstülpungen und Elemente im Innern der Vakuolen gefunden. Die Plasmaelemente entstehen offenbar durch Abschnüren der Einstülpungen. Die Ursache ihres Entstehens und ihre Bedeutung für die pflanzliche Zelle wurden diskutiert. |
Einige quantitative anatomische Merkmale von Blättern verschiedener Insertionshöhe beiPotamogeton perfoliatus L. undP. lucens L.Ingrid TicháBiologia plantarum 6:108-116, 1964 | DOI: 10.1007/BF02926665 Bei den submersen WasserpflanzenPotamogeton perfoliatus L. undP. lucens L. wurde die Anzahl der Epidermalzellen pro Blattflächeneinheit (mit Hilfe der Abdruckmethode) und die Dichte der Blattnervatur (curvimetrisch bei in Lacto-Phenol aufgehellten Blatteilen gemessen) bei oberen, mittleren und unteren Blättern, deren Blattbasis, -mitte, -rand und -spitze untersucht wurden, festgestellt. |
Preservative effect of saccharose solution on some plant virusesZdenko PolákBiologia plantarum 6:238-239, 1964 | DOI: 10.1007/BF02926685 |
Changes in sap exudation of maize and occurrence of lags in exudation during the growing seasonJiøí ÚlehlaBiologia plantarum 5:190, 1963 | DOI: 10.1007/BF02930645 1. A method of "measuring strips" for the investigation of the sap exudation of crops under field conditions is described. The quantity of liquid exuded from the detopped stem stump is determined from the length of a wetted zone of a narrow strip of filter paper protected against evaporation of the liquid by a polyethylene cover bag. The strips with the cover bags can be used even to collect greater amounts of exudated liquid. |
Conductometric apparatus for determining photosynthesic rateV. L. VoznesenskyBiologia plantarum 6:79-83, 1964 | DOI: 10.1007/BF02926660 A conductometric apparatus for determining the photosynthetic rate suitable predominantly for field measurements is described. In contrast with the hitherto described and applied instruments 3 samples of air can be analyzed here simultaneously, the data are temperature-independent and the entire electronic part of the apparatus is transistorized. The absorbers (300×30×30mm.) and the leaf chambers (140×100×10 mm.) are made of plexiglass. The membrane pump is hand-operated by means of a crank. The conductivity of the absorption solution (0.02N-KOH+0.5% isoamylalcohol+saponin) is measured in a special measuring cell into which the solution is transferred from the individual absorbers. The error of the photosynthetic rate determination is about 10-20% of the value obtained for intensities of 10-20 mg. CO2 dm.-2h.-1. |
Changes in crossing over frequency in barley caused by different concentrations of calcium and magnesiumMilo¹ OndøejBiologia plantarum 6:171, 1964 | DOI: 10.1007/BF02926674 The linkage of barley between rough versus smooth awns and long versus short rachilla hair was influenced by different amounts of Ca and Mg. It was found, that not only lack, but also excess causes an increase of the recombination frequency as against the control. |
Morphology of leaves of cyanus segetum LAM (Centaurea cyanus L.) after photoperiodic inhibition at different stages of ontogeny of the shoot apexFrideta SeidlováBiologia plantarum 6:273, 1964 | DOI: 10.1007/BF02931009 Cyanus segetum LAM. was transferred from a long to a short photoperiodic regime at various stages of ontogenesis and the development of the plant investigated. The morphology of the leaves ofCyanus segetum was dependent on the photoperiodic regime. On a short photoperiodic regime, pinnately sected leaves were formed, but only if development was inhibited while the shoot apex still had a structure characteristic for the vegetative plant. The ability to influence the shape of the leaves by a short day ends before the morphological differentiation of the inflorescence at the time of the disappearance of the vegetative structure and the formation of the meristematic mantle. After this time all leaves were smooth-edged like those of the controls on a long day. Although the ability to influence leaves was limited to the period of initiation of the leaf primordia, it was not restricted to the primordia then being initiated. The conditions of development also affected leaves whose primordia had already been initiated. This was evidently due to the action of photoperiodic conditions via ontogenesis. The position of the axils was also changed in dependence on the photoperiodic regime. |
Desiccation curves of root tissue and the problem of the delimitation between free and bound waterJana ©anderováBiologia plantarum 6:22, 1964 | DOI: 10.1007/BF02930792 Statmographs were used for determining the curves of weight decrement of severed root tips of the squash (Cucurbita maxima L.) with time and were examined under controlled conditions. The existence of two qualitatively different fractions of water could not be demonstrated by the method used, all the curves obtained displaying a completely continuous character, without any inflexion point. The basic shape of the curves remained preserved on desiccation at different temperatures (20-40° C), at different relative humidity (45-90%), with plants of different age and different composition of aqueous media (Knop's nutrient solution, calcium-free medium, distilled water). Not even a 0.01% solution of potassium humate which significantly raised the water content of root tissue affected the shape of the desiccation curves. A continuous release of water was also observed when the meristematic root zone and the zone of longitudinal growth were dried separately. |
Factors affecting the accuracy of chlorophylla andb determination by means of their paper chromatographic separation and colorimetric measurement in eluatesZdenìk ©estákBiologia plantarum 6:132, 1964 | DOI: 10.1007/BF02926668 Quantitative determination of chlorophyll a and β can be made by paper chromatography of acetone extracts of plant material with colorimetric measurement of the eluates from the separated zones. |
The identification of hybrids ofPhaseolus vulgar is L. ×Phaseolus coccineus L. Using immunoehemical methodsEva Klozová, Josef KlozBiologia plantarum 6:240, 1964 | DOI: 10.1007/BF02926686 |


